C++ STL入门教程(7) multimap、multiset的使用
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一、multimap(一对多索引) C++ multimap和map所支持的操作相同(除了multimap不支持下标运算),但是multimap允许重复的元素。
完整程序代码:
/*请务必运行以下程序后对照阅读*/
///头文件依旧是map
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
///1. 初始化
multimap<int,string> mapStudent;
multimap<int,string>::iterator iter,beg,end;
///2. 添加元素
///multimap不支持下标操作
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,string>(0,"student_one"));
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,"student_one_copy"));///一对多
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,string>(1,"student_two"));
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,string>(5,"Fear Kubrick"));
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,string>(2,"Akemi Homura"));
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,string>(-1,"Eren Jaeger"));
mapStudent.insert(pair<int,string>(99,"lin"));
cout << mapStudent.size() << endl;
cout << endl;
///3. 遍历
for (iter = mapStudent.begin(); iter != mapStudent.end(); iter++)
cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
cout << endl;
///4. 单键查询与范围查询
///单键查询
int count = mapStudent.count(0);
iter = mapStudent.find(0);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++,iter++)
cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
cout << endl;
///范围查询
beg = mapStudent.lower_bound(1);/// >=1
end = mapStudent.upper_bound(5);/// <=5
for (; beg != end; beg++)
cout << beg->first << " " << beg->second << endl;
cout << endl;
///5. 删除
iter = mapStudent.find(1);
mapStudent.erase(iter);
cout << mapStudent.size() << endl;
for (iter = mapStudent.begin(); iter != mapStudent.end(); iter++)
cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
cout << endl;
///6. 判空与清空
if (!mapStudent.empty())
mapStudent.clear();
}
二、multiset(多元集合) 多元集合(multiset)和集合(set)所支持的操作相同,只不过支持重复对象。
完整程序代码:
/*请务必运行以下程序后对照阅读*/
///头文件依旧为set
#include <set>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
///1. 初始化
multiset<int> num;
multiset<int>::iterator iter,end;
cout << num.max_size() << endl;///multiset容纳上限
cout << endl;
///2. 添加元素
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
num.insert(i);
cout << num.size() << endl;
cout << endl;
///3. 遍历
for (iter = num.begin(); iter != num.end(); iter++)
cout << *iter << " " ;
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
///4. 查询
iter = num.find(1);
if (iter != num.end())
cout << *iter << endl;
else
cout << -1 << endl;
iter = num.find(99);
if (iter != num.end())
cout << *iter << endl;
else
cout << -1 << endl;
cout << endl;
beg=num.lower_bound(2);
end=num.upper_bound(7);
for (; beg != end; beg++)
cout << *beg << " " ;
cout << endl;
///5. 删除
iter = num.find(1);
num.erase(iter);
cout << num.size() << endl;
for (iter = num.begin(); iter != num.end(); iter++)
cout << *iter << " " ;
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
///6. 判空与清空
if (!num.empty())
num.clear();
}
参考网址: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/map/multimap/ http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/set/multiset/ 以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持编程小技巧。 (编辑:海洋资讯信息网) 【声明】本站内容均来自网络,其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点,不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利,请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |



